1978 - Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn died.

Siegbahn was a Swedish physicist who was awarded the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on x-ray spectroscopy. He discovered the M series of x-ray spectral lines and demonstrated the shell nature of atomic electrons. He also demonstrated the refraction of x-rays through prisms to illustrate their wave nature.

1976 - Lavoslav Stjepan Ružička died.

Ružička was a Swiss-Hungarian biochemist who was awarded half the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on polymethylenes or cyclic alkanes and terpenes. He worked in the perfume industry investigating the compounds that make up the scent from musk deer and civet cats. He also investigated and determined the structure of the sex hormones androsterone and testosterone.

1886 - Archibald Vivian Hill was born.

Hill was a English physiolgist who is considered one of the pioneers of biophysics. He was awarded half the 1922 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his discovery into the production of heat and mechanical work in muscles.

1754 - Joseph-Louis Proust was born.

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Proust was a French chemist who proved that the relative quantities of the elements that make up a chemical compound is constant, regardless of the component's source. This is referred to as Proust's law or the law of definite proportions. His later work involved the study of sugars. He showed the sugar in grapes is identical to the sugar in honey.