1853 - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was born.

Nobel Prize Foundation

Onnes was a Dutch physicist who was awarded the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in low temperature physics and creating liquid helium. He also investigated the electrical properties of materials near absolute zero and discovered their electrical resistance nearly disappeared. He discovered mercury entered a state of superconductivity at 4.2 K.

1832 - Louis-Paul Cailletet was born.

Liquid Air and the Liquefaction of Gases/T. O'Connor Sloan

Cailletet was a French physicist who was the first to liquefy oxygen. He was also the first to liquefy carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen and acetylene. He invented the altimeter to measure altitude based on air pressure and the high pressure manometer.