1. 1945 - Hans Geiger died.
Geiger was a German physicist who is best known for the invention of the Geiger counter. The Geiger counter is a particle detector that measures ionizing radiation intensity. Together with Ernest Marsden, he conducted the Gold foil experiment that first detected the presence of the atomic nucleus.2. 1905 - Severo Ochoa was born.
Ochoa was a Spanish biochemist who shares the 1959 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Arthur Kornberg for outlining the mechanisms involved in the synthesis of DNA and RNA. Ochoa discovered an enzyme in bacteria that allowed him to synthesize ribonucleic acid or RNA. He discovered the enzyme while researching high-energy phosphates. The enzyme's main function was to degrade RNA but under laboratory conditions, it could run the process in reverse.3. 1904 - Niels Ryberg Finsen died.
Finsen was a Danish physician who was awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his treatment of diseases with light radiation. He started investigations in the treatment of diseases with sunlight and heat lamps. He later devised new treatments for small pox using red light and a treatment for lupus.
4. 1898 - Howard Walter Florey was born.
Florey was an Australian pathologist who shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Ernst Boris Chain and Walter Fleming for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effects on various diseases. Florey and Chain discovered a method to isolate and purify penicillin for clinical use.5. 1895 - André F. Cournand was born.
Cournand was a French doctor who shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Werner Forssmann and Dickinson Richards for their work with heart catheters and their effect on circulation. He worked with Richards to perfect Forssmann's surgical technique where a catheter is inserted at the elbow to reach the heart. This allowed a doctor to diagnose several heart conditions without major invasive surgery. They also applied this technique for the pulmonary artery to diagnose lung diseases.6. 1870 - Georges Claude was born.
pslawinski, wikipedia.org
Claude was a French chemist who invented the neon light. He passed an electrical current through a sealed tube of neon gas and got a light that was visible even during the daytime. He also designed and built ocean thermal energy electrical plant prototypes in Cuba and Brazil attempting to generate electricity from the difference in temperature between deep and shallow water.
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